What the record shows. Why the outcomes matter.
Explore publicly documented trade-fraud cases involving civil settlements, criminal proceedings and unresolved matters. See what happened, how long it took, and what consequences followed.
Explore All Cases ↓As of October 20, 2026. The 38 records represent 37 underlying matters. The approximately eight-year figure is not the length of a government investigation or court case. Criminal-component matters are not synonymous with convictions occurring in 2023–2026.
These are the publicly visible outcomes—not the full scale of trade fraud or every CBP resolution.
A settlement or conviction tells us how a legal proceeding ended. It does not always tell us whether the economic rewards of misconduct were eliminated.
2007–2012 imports | $53M+ reported collected in 2025 | Civil settlement
DOJ reports a substantial recovery, including more than $30 million in penalties. But years of avoided duties can have a financing value—and potentially support pricing, investment and customer gains. Did the eventual payment outweigh those advantages, or simply arrive years later? The public record does not establish the answer.
2009–2013 imports | 2.5% versus 25% duties alleged | $365M settlement in 2024
DOJ alleged that Ford imported Transit Connect cargo vans as passenger vehicles. Ford disputed the allegations and also paid certain earlier duties and interest. Could years of lower landed costs have delivered advantages that a later settlement could not reverse? The total economic benefit and cost have not been established.
CBP scrutiny in 2022 | Criminal charges in 2025 | Civil suit in 2026 | Pending
DOJ alleges that, after CBP began investigating, the defendants shifted imports to domestic shell-company importers. The government is pursuing parallel civil and criminal proceedings. Can enforcement intervene quickly enough when alleged misconduct changes form after detection? The allegations remain unproven. Stronger scrutiny of importers of record is central to the June 2026 customs-enforcement order (opens in a new tab).
Corporate felony plea | $6.382M fine ordered | Individual prison sentences
Boise Cascade’s fine was calculated at twice its gross profit from the illegal wood at issue. Related Horizon principals received prison sentences. This is the kind of financial and individual consequence that can change incentives. An ordered fine is not necessarily a verified collection.
$8.1M settlement in 2025 | DOJ expressly cited ability to pay
The settlement resolved allegations without a liability determination. But when a company's available assets constrain the penalty, what ensures the financial consequences of alleged misconduct still outweigh its potential rewards? Ability to pay may affect collection; it should not end the deterrence inquiry.
Potential scale: Tens of billions annually
A White House report (opens in a new tab) modeled potential annual tariff-revenue losses from transshipment-related evasion ranging from roughly $10 billion to more than $100 billion under different assumptions. These are scenarios, not verified fraud losses.
The Tracker contains just 37 underlying matters with reported outcomes since 2023. CBP administrative actions, voluntary disclosures and other resolutions are not fully captured, but the small visible output raises a serious question about enforcement reach.
Unpaid duties can finance lower prices, investment, capacity and customer relationships. Years later, collecting duties does not automatically restore the competitive position of firms that complied with the law. Delay can change what meaningful accountability requires.
DOJ's growing criminal-enforcement commitment is encouraging. It must be matched by collection of duties and applicable interest, penalties large enough to outweigh the benefits of misconduct, prosecution of culpable individuals where warranted, and meaningful remedies for injured American businesses.
The test is not the size of an announced settlement. It is whether enforcement removes the economic incentive to commit trade fraud.
Sources: DOJ Criminal Division remarks (2025) (opens in a new tab) · DOJ Trade Fraud Task Force (2026) (opens in a new tab) · DOJ Global Trade & Commerce Enforcement Section (opens in a new tab) · June 2026 customs-enforcement order (opens in a new tab)
Search every underlying matter, expand its proceedings, and examine original DOJ and court sources. Monetary claims, settlements, fines, restitution and reported collections are identified separately.
Showing 44 of 44 matters
| Case | Status | Type | Year | Short allegation summary | Key monetary figure | Expand |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perfectus Aluminum Inc. & related companies | Partially resolved | FCA - Civil + Criminal | 2026 | Multiple — view details | ||
| Farjess Inc. & Royal Canadian Steel Inc. + Feroz Jessani | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2026 | $19M settlement agreed | ||
| Redi-Bag USA (New York Packaging II LLC) & CEO Jeffrey Rabiea | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2026 | $7.3M settlement agreed | ||
| Global Plastics / MGI International | Partially resolved | FCA - Civil / Criminal | 2025, 2026 | $6.8M civil payment (per DOJ) | ||
| Boise Cascade / Horizon Plywood (Quintana et al.) | Resolved | Criminal | 2024, 2026 | $6.382M fine ordered (Boise Cascade) | ||
| Everlight Electronics Co. Ltd. & Everlight Americas Inc. | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2026 | $5.15M settlement agreed | ||
| Echelon Fitness Multimedia LLC | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2026 | $2.1M settlement agreed | ||
| Ravi Kapadia (accountant for UAE jewelry exporter) | Resolved | Criminal | 2026 | Multiple — view details | ||
| Thao Duong & Lam Mai (Texas couple) | Resolved | Criminal | 2026 | More than $1.5M forfeiture ordered | ||
| Seafood Supply Co. (Dallas) | Resolved | Criminal | 2026 | $250,000 fine ordered | ||
| United States v. Zheng et al. (LA-Area Counterfeit Smuggling Ring) | Partially resolved | Criminal | 2026 | Multiple — view details | ||
| Uni-Tile & Marble Inc. (Xin Mian Pan, Uni-Stone & Cabinet, Hua Liang Xie, Jinhua Wang, Shenzhen Top & Profit) | Pending | Criminal + Civil | 2025 filed | Multiple — view details | ||
| Indonesian Jewelry Company (UBS Gold / PT Untung Bersama Sejahtera, Michael Yahya + employees) | Pending | Criminal | 2025 filed | About $86.5M duties avoided (alleged) | ||
| Ceratizit USA LLC | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2025 | $54.4M settlement agreed | ||
| Wanxiang America Corp | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2025 | $53M+ collected (per DOJ) | ||
| Azruddin Mohamed & Nazar Mohamed (Mohamed's Enterprise - Guyanese gold scheme) | PendingInternational | Criminal | 2025 filed | About $50M loss to Guyana (alleged) | ||
| Allied Stone Inc. & president | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2025 | $12.4M settlement agreed | ||
| Harman International | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2025 | $11.8M settlement agreed | ||
| Monish Doshi Shah (individual) | Resolved | Criminal | 2025 | Multiple — view details | ||
| Evolutions Flooring Inc. & owners (Mengya Lin, Jin Qian) | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2025 | $8.1M settlement agreed | ||
| Rayson Global Inc. | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2025 | $5.8M default judgment entered | ||
| Grosfillex Inc. | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2025 | $4.9M settlement agreed | ||
| Able Groupe Inc. (Little Bundle / Huggable) | Partially resolved | Criminal | 2025 | About $2.3M total recovery (as announced) | ||
| Endless Sales Inc. & Octane Forklifts Inc. + executives (Brian Firkins, Jeffrey Blasdel, J.R. Antczak) | Pending | Criminal | 2025 filed | More than $1M duties evaded (alleged) | ||
| Adrian Garcia-Hernandez & Waldemar Ojeda Ramos (Puerto Rico animal drugs) | Partially resolved | Criminal | 2025 | No monetary figure stated | ||
| Barco Uniforms Inc. + affiliates (Kenny Chan, David Chan, etc.) | Pending | FCA - Civil | 2025 filed | Multiple — view details | ||
| C'est Toi Jeans Inc. / Si Oh Rhew + Lance Rhew | Resolved | Criminal | 2025 | Fines and restitution ordered | ||
| Global Office Furniture LLC (owner: Smith) | Pending | FCA - Civil | 2025 filed | Not publicly verified | ||
| Ford Motor Company | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2024 | $365M settlement (payment reported by Ford) | ||
| Repwire LLC | Pending | Tariff Act - Civil | 2024 filed | Multiple — view details | ||
| Alexis LLC (womenswear) | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2024 | $7.6M settlement agreed | ||
| Precision Cable Assemblies & Global Engineered Products | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2024 | $6M settlement agreed | ||
| Penta International & owner | Partially resolved | Criminal + Civil | 2024 | $3.1M civil settlement agreed | ||
| Yakima Products Inc. | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2024 | $3M settlement agreed | ||
| Hector Samuel Esquijerosa (Miami tire importer) | Partially resolved | Criminal | 2024 | More than $1.9M duties evaded (estimate) | ||
| Akua Mosaics Inc. + Kenneth Fleming (president) | Partially resolved | Criminal | 2024 | About $1.09M unpaid duties | ||
| International Vitamins Corp. | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2023 | $22,865,055 settlement agreed | ||
| ADCO (Dallas importer + Chinese companies) | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2023 | $2.5M settlement agreed | ||
| Anyclo International Inc. | Resolved | Criminal + Civil | 2023 | Multiple — view details | ||
| King Kong Tools LLC | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2023 | $1.9M settlement agreed | ||
| Highlife LLC | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2023 | $1.3M settlement agreed | ||
| Trading Company - Imported Footwear (SDNY) | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2023 | $1M settlement agreed | ||
| Homestar North America, LLC | Resolved | Tariff Act - Civil | 2023 | $798,334 settlement agreed | ||
| Yogibo LLC | Resolved | FCA - Civil | 2023 | $217,832 settlement agreed |
The Tracker combines 46 original listings into 44 underlying matters, including 37 with at least one reported outcome and seven pending. One matter may have several civil and criminal proceedings. The 38 case-record headline is a different counting unit. Dates of conduct, complaints, outcomes and collections are not interchangeable; “approximately eight years” reflects the first-to-last dates available for 35 case records, not an investigation's duration.
The Tracker is a selected public record, not a census of trade fraud. Some importers voluntarily pay or resolve matters administratively without DOJ litigation. Settlements and judgments do not necessarily prove cash was collected, and estimates of national fraud cannot be divided into Tracker outcomes to produce an enforcement success rate.
Last reviewed: October 20, 2026 · Corrections: